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Brutus
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| Marcus Junius Brutus' History   played by:Tobias Menzies
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| Brutus's Time Line | Images Of Brutus | Factual Historical Information |
| c.85 BC - Birth of Marcus Junius Brutus, son of Marcus Junius Brutus and Servilia, half sister of Cato the Younger, and later mistress of Julius Caesar. 76 - Brutus senior, legate commanding in Cisalpine Gaul, surrenders to Pompey at Mutina and is executed by him. Brutus junior is brought up by Cato, and educated in rhetoric and philosophy. Servilia marries D. Iunius Silanus and has three daughters by him. 59 - Brutus is adopted by his uncle Caepio and becomes known as Quintus Caepio Brutus. 58 - Goes to Cypres with Cato. 57- Silanus dies. 56 - Brutus is a member of a syndicate which lends money to the town of Salamis at an illegal interest rate of 48 percent. It is said that when the debt was not repaid, that the town council was locked up in the municipal building until some of the members starved to death. 54 - Brutus is official moneyer in Rome and issues coins that have portraits of his ancestors, Lucius Junous Brutus and Gaius Servilius Ahala, on them. 53 - Serves in Cilicia as quaestor to governor Appius Claudius Pulcher, father of Claudia, whom Brutus marries. 50 - With Pompey, successfully defends his father-in-law against charges of misconduct in Cilicia and bribery at the polls in his election campaign for the office of censor. 49 - Sides with Pompey and the Republican cause in the civil war. 48 - After Pharsalus he is pardoned by Caesar, who shows him special favors. He is appointed a pontifex. 47 - He is governor of Cisalpine Gaul. 46 - After the suicide of his uncle Cato, Brutus suggests that Cicero should write an appreciation of him, then, dissatisfied with it, writes one himself, to which Cicero objects because of the tone of it's account of his consulship. c. 45 - Brutus divorces Caudia and marries Porcia, daughter of Cato, and widow of M. Calpurnius Bibulus, Caesar's consular colleague in 59 BC and Pompey's naval commander during the civil war. 44 - Brutus is praetor and designated by Caesar consul for 41, with Cassius, who is bitter that the senior praetorship has been give to Brutus. Brutus takes the lead in the plot against Caesar, in which capacity he vetoes the killing also of Antony. after the assassination, Brutus and the other conspirators barricade themselves in the temple on the Capitoline Hill and await the upsurge of public support, they feel that they have earned. Cicero visits them, but the public support does not materialize. The Senate confirms all of Caesar's actions, but at Cicero's instigation an amnesty is proclaimed. Brutus and Cassius are forced to leave Rome for a nomadic existence in Italy. In their absence they are granted the governorships of Crete and Cyrene. Instead Brutus settles in Macedonia and Cassius acquires Syria. 43 - Brutus and Cassius, by legal and illegal means amass great wealth, 19 legions, and a powerful fleet. Brutus mints his own coinage, with his image on it. 42 - Two battles at Philippi in Greece. In the first Antony defeats Cassius, who commits suicide; Brutus defeats Octavian who is wounded but survives. In the second, Brutus is surrounded by Antony and Octavian, but escapes. Then his remaining troops desert, and he kills himself. |    Brutus' coin  Rome under Brutus' comand  Bust of Brutus by Michelangelo  Suicide of Brutus by Ridpath | Marcus Junius Brutus was the son of Marcus Junius Brutus the Elder and Servilia Caepionis. His father was a leagtus to Pompey the Great; his mother was the half sister of Cato the Younger, and later became Julius Caesar's mistress. Some sources refer to Caesar being the real father, but this would have been very unlikely due to Caesar only being fifteen when Brutus was born. In 76 BC Brutus the Elder surrendered to Pompey in Mutina and was executed by him. Brutus' uncle Quintis Servilius Caepio, adopted him and Brutus was known as Quintis Servilius Caepio Brutus for an unknown period of time. Brutus held his uncle in high regard, and his political career started when he became an assistant to Cato, during his governorship of Cyprus. During this time, he enriched himself by lending money at the high rates of interest. He returned to Rome a rich man, where he married Claudia Pulchra. From his first appearance in the senate, Brutus aligned with the Optimates ( the Conservative faction) against the first Triumvirate of Marcus Lininius Crassus, Gnaeus Pompeius and Gaius Julius Caesar. When Caesar's Civil War broke out in 49 BC between Pompey Magnus and Julius Caesar, Brutus followed his old enemy and present leader of the Optimates, Pompey, When The Battle of Pharsalus began, Caesar ordered his officers, to take him prisinor if he gave himself up voluntaliry, and if he persisted in fighting against capture, to let him alone and do no violence. After the disaster of the battle of Pharsalus, Brutus wrote to Caesar with apologise and Caesar immediately forgave him.In his letter Brutus declared that he was a strong supporter of democracy and continually pushed the subject throughout the letter. Caesar accepted him into his inner circle and made him governor of Gaul when he left for Africa in pursuit of Cato and Metellus Scipio.In 45 BC, Caesar nominated Brutus to serve as an urban praetor for the following year. Their was a time where Caesar actually adopted Brutus. Also, in 45BC Brutus divorced his wife and married his first cousin, Portia Catonis, Cato's daughter. According to Cicero the marriage caused a semi scandal at the time as Brutus failed to state a valid reason for his divorce from Claudia other than he wished to marry Portia. The marriage also caused a rift between Brutus and his mother Servilia, who deeply resented the marriage and was worried what kind of the influence Portia would have over Brutus. Around this time many of the senators began to worry about Caesars power in particular the title he appointed on himself as Dictator For Life. Brutus was pressured into joining the conspiracy against Caesar by the other senaters. Brutus, influenced his by his loyalty to Cato and Portia finally decided to move against Caesar in 44BC. On the day of the assassination Caesar was delayed going to the senate because of his wife Calpurnia,she had a bad dream that something awful was going to take place. The conspirators feared their plot had been discovered, but Brutus persisted, waiting for Caesar at the senate, and allegedly even choose to remain when a messenger brought him news that would otherwise have caused him to leave. When Caesar finally came to the senate they attacked him. Publius Servilius Casca was thought to be the first to attack Caesar with a blow to the shoulder, which Caesar blocked. However, upon seeing Brutus with the conspirators, he covered his face with his toga and resigned himself to his fate. The conspirators attacked in such numbers that they even injured themselves. Brutus was thought to have been wounded in his hand. |
More about: Brutus went to Crete, the small eastern province that he had been assigned to. (The former Praetor almost automatically became governor.) This was the end of his Career, or it seemed so. In control of the city, Octavian declared Marc Antony's compromise to be illegal and outlawed the Murderers of his father. Then, unexpectedly, he signed the peace with Marc Antony: Octavian had learned that it was impossible to defeat the man, who still controlled Hispania and Gaul and was an excellent general. But together they could destroy the republic, if only they managed to defeat Caesar's Murderers. (This deal is known as the Second Triumvirate, Lepidus was the third triumvir.) In the autumn of 42, Marc Antony and Octavian crossed the Adriatic sea and proceeded against Brutus and Cassius. In two large Battles near Philippi, on the northern shore of the Aegean Sea in Macedonia, Brutus and Cassius were defeated. Brutus committed suicide. The republic was never restored. Brutus and Cassius in Brutus's tent. Curiosities: -It's said that Caeser was drinking wine with Brutus when the conspirators attacked and killed the dictator.
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